Deforestation The Causes Effects And Controlling Techniques Environmental Sciences Essay

De setation The Causes cause And Controlling Techniques Environmental Sciences EssayAs we all know that fires, urbanization, and early(a) infrastructures from the main causes of de lumberation. Also we all(a) know that living organism in this ecosystem was facing or leave behind suffering from deforestation impact directly or indirectly through other environmental issues that happen because of deforestation. Therefore , in the next few papers we will illustrate to the seriousness and the importance of this line of work depending on statistics , mental pictures, studies and articles that published on books and internet websites.IntroductionIs it right that our planet is under threat of climate changing? It is accepted that it is related to deforestation? What will happen if we didnt solve this problem? All of these question will be answered in this research. which will give you more than information somewhat deforestation, its causes, impacts, some statistics and how we could take people attention to the climatic change and prevent their actions on deforestation to save our planet.The cutting of forests or the destruction of the forests is called deforestation. deforestation term is called in cases that human beings-induced it or due to the forces of nature as well, so Human ar mainly responsible for the destruction.Deforestation for needhumans has cut down trees since they first appeared. In modern times the human needs was not limited on food , and shelter, but it surpassed it into weapons ,paper, furniture, paved roads, entertainment places and housing. So, Thousands upon thousands of acres of forest stupefy disappeared worldwide to fill our appetite for woodwind and land.Deforestation for ProfitThe governments are often poor and the land is more valuable to large corporations than used for conservation and tourism. for this reason ,in poor countries Governments gives permits and licenses to those who have the property to buy the land and make th eir m iodiney. The activity of Deforestation is a way of making a living, through selling shade , and using the land for emergence crops or grazing herds or to provide land for homes and businesses. As you can confabulate in (Figure 1) that companies ,attract and involve the inborn people who are exist in the forest when they conduct this business.figure Book William P. Cunningham, 1990 Environmental Science A GLOBAL CONCERN. Wm. C. Brown Publishers, USA.Raising ConsciousnessUndoubtedly the reason that makes people more aware than ever of the effects of deforestation as more and more people become affected by climate change and extreme last events which is the most important consequences resulting from deforestation. All of that would make human think of stopping or reduce deforestation activities for maintaining our atmosphere, slowing global warming , protecting us from floods, and ensuring a reliable and sustainable suppliers of natural re generators .BodyWhat is Deforestat ion?Deforestation is the clearing or removal of trees from an area of woodland or forest for many a(prenominal) differing reason usually commercial1. And it overly defined as the destruction of a forest and changing the use of the land2.Causes of DeforestationThere are many different causes for deforestation and they vary widely from location to location. As it is known most of deforestation cases happen by human practices. And this idea is true , but also there are some natural causes leads to deforestation such as firs, natural disasters(floods).Agriculture and Cattle-RaisingThe expansion of cattle-raising has also been promoted by the universe of discourse Bank and the Inter-American Development Bank, as well as through tax incentives and has been closely linked to land concentration3.Cattle expansion in the amazon in the last twelve years has been phenomenal. During this period, the number of cattle more than doubled, from 26million in 1990 to 57 million in 2002. In the pro cess it has gone from representing 17.8% of Brazils summate cattle herd to almost one third (see table 1).Table 1INTERNET Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) www.ibge.gove.beThe phrase described how the rapid growth of beef exports from Central America to fast food chains in the United States was driving deforestation.4Dams and MegaprojectsUsually the rivers that extend to thousand hectares or more in the forest have the greatest chance to implement of major infrastructure works , such as construct dams for obtaining hydroelectric energy similar what happen in Xingu river. It is estimated that nearly all the Amazon forest will be destroyed during the first half of this century if the present trends are change magnitude with the implementation of major infrastructure works in the region.5MiningIn many tropical areas mining is a major cause of deforestation and forest degradation, generating a large number of social and environmental impacts. A recent study pub lished by Third World Network-Africa provides a detailed picture of those minerals in the Wassa West District of Ghana. The main minerals being mined in Ghana are gold, diamonds, bauxite and manganese, but the most dominant mineral commodity is gold.6Effects of DeforestationDeforestation is a problem with unlimited effects.Environmental problemsHydrologicalStudies show that 99% of the water supply absorbed by the roots moves up to the leaves and evaporates to keep the run nice and moisture, thusly if trees are cut down it will cause into sear climate.Another important hydrological impact of deforestation is that the soil capacity to stemma water is affected negatively because after deforestation , litter and other organic residue of plants change soil properties to make it good stores of water. But that water will not stay for long time because it will affected by sun rays which will evaporate most of groundwater.AtmosphericTrees represent a thick cover that prevent the damaging sun rays. And because of deforestation ,the sun rays can deeply penetrate into the forest than before, if that happen trees will wilts and dies .Green stick out effectIf forest is cut down forest and replaced by vegetation with a smaller biomass per hectare, there is a release of CO2 by ardent or decomposition of forest plant7.Tropical deforestationis a substantial contributor to total CO2 production by human activity ( see table 2.4).TABLE 2 Edward I. Newman, 2000 Applied Ecology Environmental Management.global climate changegreen house gases ,forest fires, and the Pollution that rapidly growing along with population .SoilDroughtTrees absorb water through their roots and release it into the atmosphere. In the Amazon, half of the water is returned in the trees. If the trees are removed, the region becomes drier because it cannot hold as much water.Mudslides and erosionsRoots are existing to prove the soil ,and by deforestation The land becomes unstable because their are no trees . therefore it causes erosion. frugal impactsIn economic terms, forests does not only provide fuel and wood for industry, but they also provide the medicinal plants , fruit trees and nuts, which is the main source of food for forest dwellers. Also The forest have a large economic and environmental benefits , it is a haven for everyone, as they provide them with a vox populi of comfort and peace of mind, and give them the fresh air and gains entertainment that any industrial facilities can not provide them , and beautifully landscaped. Therefore, it provides significant economic take to be through tourism activity. And when governments encourage individuals to cut trees timber and exercising a certain economic activities detrimental to the environment such as set on fire which leads to over-exploitation of forest wealth and the deterioration of its condition. The consequences of these behaviors are population migration from these areas and the emergence of the problems such as pove rty, diseases, conflict on food, unemployment.Deforestation and bio changePlants diversityNo one can deny that we still rely on plants or herbs in the treatment of some diseases, such as cough, constipation and some skin diseases. we will proof this by these two facts about rainforest plants Rainforests currently provide sources for one-fourth of todays medicines, and 70 percent of the plants entrap to have anticancer properties are found only in the rainforest.8Two drugs obtained from a rainforest plant known as the Madagascar periwinkle, now extinct in the wild due to deforestation of the Madagascar rainforest, have increased the chances of survival for children with leukemia from 20 percent to 80 percent.9(See figure 2)which is Madagascar periwinkle plant.Figure2 Book William P. Cunningham, 1990 Environmental Science A GLOBAL CONCERN. Wm. C. Brown Publishers, USA.Animal diversityThe human species has been the direct or indirect causes of most of the extinctions, especially throu gh habitat destruction. When Europeans first arrived in the Hawaiian islands , there were sixty-eight unique chick species. of these, forty one now are extinct, mainly because of deforestation to create pineapple and sugarcane plantations, resorts, and cities10.Fish diversityIn this aspect we illustrate that removing forest to build government projects, such as roads and dams, could protect threatened habitat.In the 1960s the Tennessee valley authority (TVA) announced intentions to dam the little Tennessee river for cater , flood control, and recreation. opponent fought against this project for years, arguing that the dam was not needed , the cost was too high, the payback was too low, and it destroyed valuable forest , wildlife habitat, native American archeological sites, and recreational, historic, and scenic values. It was revealed that the only known habitat of small paperclip-size fish called the snail darter (percina tanasi) (figure 3) would be destroyed if the river valley was flooded11.DDocuments and SettingsAll UsersDocumentsMy PicturesSample Picturessnail.jpgFigure 3 Book William P. Cunningham, 1990 Environmental Science A GLOBAL CONCERN. Wm. C. Brown Publishers, USA.How to Stop DeforestationWe know that , stopping deforestation activity in spades not an easy task, but to reduce the impact of rapid spread of deforestation in previous years and to increase consciousness rate we give notice people to * Try to use the paper more than once. For example, use both sides of paper.* put the paper in recycling paper box.*Use e-mails to aware your friends about impact of deforestation.*Aware about type of wood and avoid the tropical hardwood, such as ebony and rosewood. And make sure the manufacturer can see that the hardwoods were harvested from agro forestry plantations.Also we Suggest government to*Create law to deforestation by making law that cutting trees from forests become a crime punishable by law.*Encouraging companies that working in reforestat ion by decrease taxes for them and try to give them all help to increase number of those companies.* using selective timber -cutting instead of clear- cuttingbecause in selective cutting, foresters remove desirable tree species ,like deformed trees to get rid of them.* posting fire danger warnings and sponsoring television and tuner announcements12.*reducing demand on wood by using thinner saw blades in saw mills, which reduce the kerf ,and improved machines that do a fall in job of processing logos for plywood along with a host of other technologies. special training for workers could also help reduce wood fuck up13.*Farming is a New methods are being developed to farm more intensively, such as high-yield hybrid crops, greenhouse, autonomous building gardens, and hydroponics. to keep dimension between rates of farming and deforestation14.ConclusionForests are a source of beauty, food, medicines, also its highly responsible in keeping and sustaining global ecosystems. It is also the home of more than half of all creatures and organisms in this planet. On the other hand we also gain other benefits by deforestation . For example building the communities, residential houses, factories, and roads to be more suitable for the growing numbers of population. By Deforestation we can also convert the forest land to plentiful land for agricultural uses. As a result, we and all the other creatures on this planet suffer greatly from the consequences of deforestation. So deforestation should be stopped at any cost, especially the illegal cutting of trees. By increasing the government laws and punishment ,and increasing Perception and awareness among people which may leads us to procrastinating disposal of deforestation.ReferencesBooksEdward I. Newman, 2000 Applied Ecology Environmental Management, Second Edition. Blackwell Science Ltd, England.William P. Cunningham, 1990 Environmental Science A GLOBAL CONCERN. Wm. C. Brown Publishers, USA.William Mary Ann,2009, Pri nciples of Environmental Science(Inquiry Application), Fifth Edition, Mc Graw Hill, New York.InternetEffect of deforestation,ENTERNET GREEN LIVING,.Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) www.ibge.gove.beIssue Number 85 August 2004World Rainforest Movement, .Center for multinational Forestry Research, http//www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/media/Amazon.pdf.WRMs bulletin N 67, February 2003, World Rainforest Movement, .INTERNET WRMs bulletin N 41, December 2000, World Rainforest Movement, .Rain Tree, .Ask, .IndexContent Page compendium 2Introduction 2-3BodyWhat is Deforestation? 3Causes of DeforestationAgriculture and Cattle-Raising 4Dams and Megaprojects 5Mining 5Effects of DeforestationEnvironmental problems 5-6Economical impacts 7Deforestation and biodiversity 7-8How to Stop Deforestation 9Conclusion 10